cause and effect logical questions

In each of the following questions, two statements numbered I and II are given. There may be cause and effect relationship between the two statements. These two statements may be the effect of the same cause or independent causes. These statements may be independent causes without having any relationship. Read both the statements in each question and mark your answer as

(A) If statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect;
(B) If statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect;
(C) If both the statements I and II are independent causes;
(D) If both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes; and
(E) If both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.

21.

Statements:

The government has decided to make all the information related to primary education available to the general public.
In the past, the general public did not have access to all these information related to primary education.

A.     Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect
B.     Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect
C.     Both the statements I and II are independent causes
D.     Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes
E.     Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause
Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option B

Explanation:

The government must have seen the unawareness of the people as a strong factor in the primary education programme being not successful. The step indicated in I must, thus, have been sought for as a remedy for the same.
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22.

Statements:

The farmers have decided against selling their kharif crops to the Government agencies.
The Government has reduced the procurement price of kharif crops starting from last month to the next six months.

A.     Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect
B.     Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect
C.     Both the statements I and II are independent causes
D.     Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes
E.     Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause
Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option B

Explanation:

The reduction in procurement price of crops must have instigated the farmers not to sell their produce to Government agencies.
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23.

Statements:

The performance of most of the students in final exam of class X in the schools run by the Government was excellent.
Many teachers of the Government schools left the school and joined private schools.

A.     Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect
B.     Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect
C.     Both the statements I and II are independent causes
D.     Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes
E.     Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause
Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option D

Explanation:

The students of government schools performing well in the examinations and the teachers of government schools leaving their jobs to join private schools are two separate situations that must have been triggered by independent causes.
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24.

Statements:

There is considerable reduction in the number of people affected by water-borne diseases in City A during this rainy season.
The government has opened four new civil hospitals in City A in the beginning of the year.

A.     Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect
B.     Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect
C.     Both the statements I and II are independent causes
D.     Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes
E.     Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause
Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option C

Explanation:

The given statements are self-sufficient and depict independent events.
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25.

Statements:

The prices of vegetables have been increased considerably during this summer.
There is tremendous increase in the temperature during this summer thereby damaging crops greatly.

A.     Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect
B.     Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect
C.     Both the statements I and II are independent causes
D.     Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes
E.     Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause
Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option B

Explanation:

Clearly, damage to crops due to high temperature may have resulted in a short supply of vegetables and hence an increase in their prices.